An Epidemiology Of Two Diseases Health And Social Care Essay

tuberculosis is an infective affection that is con nervered as wholeness of the greatest slayer of each(prenominal) clip which is caused by bacteriums whose scientific name is Mycobacterium TB in any event known as Koch s B. Tuberculosis is characterized by the formation of tubercles on the lungs and other tissues of the thoroughgoing structure. Harmonizing to the health Protection Agency, TB normally causes illness in the lungs ( pneumonic ) , only when sack besides collision other parts of the organic structure ( extra-pulmonary ) . simply the pneumonic signifier of TB complaint is infective. transmission occurs through expecto evaluateing of infective droplets, and normally requires extensive close contact with an infective instance. Terbium is curable with a combination of specific antibiotics, but interference must be continued for at least(prenominal) six monthsThe Health Protection Agency is genius of the bureaus that ar involved in advancing the wellness o f persons that ar affected by the disorder. The wellness tribute bureau intends to advance the riddance of TB in Eng come to by the support of the topic Health work and the Department of Health by developing a BCG ( Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ) Immunisation political platform. The marks of this program be the persons who are at great find of geting the ailment such as babes and older peoples who are near(prenominal) uniformly easy affected by the infirmity.Lung cancerous neop finalic disease is the most common cancerous neoplastic disease in the universe but it is peerless of the most preventable types of malignant neoplastic disease. Nine out of 10 people who baffle lung malignant neoplastic disease are caused by weed but some people who are non non- raftrs are besides affected. Many people believed that lung malignant neoplastic disease can non be case-hardened but it can merely by descrying its wee marks such as relentless cough for two hebdomads, repeated ches t infection, relentless breast or shoulder strivings, weight loss, declining cough, and fatigue or loss of energy. On the study of BBC News lucre UK, it says that West Scotland has the highest invest of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease than those people populating in the remainder of coupled Kingdom because smoking rates are 5 % higher in Scotland than the remainder of the UK, said prof David Forman of Leeds University.The National wellness services said that the most effectual manner of forestalling lung malignant neoplastic disease is to non smoke or if you have been smoking and have serious wellness conditions better abdicate smoking every microchip early as possible. In order to understate the rate of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state the National Health Services have come up with a programme called, Go Smoke throw overboard Programme, this programme is intended to assist those people to pause smoke and it besides provides free conven tion or one on one support from adroit advisers, and entree to four hebdomads nicotine replacing therapy. It is besides suggested by the National Health Services that a aliment rich in fruits and veggies and regular exercising can rap take in the judge of holding lung malignant neoplastic disease ( http //www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cancer-of-the-lung/P long times/Prevention.aspx ) .Epidemiology OF THE TWO DISEASESTUBERCULOSIS EPIDEMIOLOGYFigure 1. Tuberculosis instance studies and rates by ripen group and sex, UK, 2008hypertext impartation protocol //www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAweb & A HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1225268898745The judge shows the instances of TB by rate and get on with of manly and womanly in the United Kingdom by the twelvemonth 2008. It is noticeable in the graph that amid the hop ons zero to twenty nine the instances of TB is bit by bit increasing. It besides shows that from the ages runing from 0-4, 10-14, and 15-19 the control of fe masculine instances are high er than the fingerbreadth of manlike instances which indicates that these age groups are easy transmitted by TB but it shows that the lowest instance of TB is from the age of 90 and above because nowadays lifetime alterations and at that place are few who are able to last at this age. From ages between 30-89 old ages old the Numberss of manlike and female instances of TB were fall from about 680 instances bulge out to 5 Numberss of instances. In footings of rate, the figure shows that the highest rates were in immature grownups and these rates shows that males are more wedded to TB than females. Higher rates were besides seen in persons aged 75-90 old ages because that at this age their immune system is weaker than the younger aged that is why the disease can be easy transmitted.LUNG CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGYhypertext transfer protocol //info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/types/lung/incidence/uk-lung-cancer-incidence-statisticsThe figure shows the Numberss of new instances and age specific incidence rate between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease in the UK in the twelvemonth 2006. Lung malignant neoplastic disease is seldom diagnosed below 30 old ages of age. The figure shows that get cut outing from the age of 40 until the age of 70 nine the figure of instances between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are invariably increasing as the figure of rate in male and female per 100,000 population additions but at the age between 79-85 the figure of instances were diminishing from about 4,500 instances to 2,000 instances. It is besides noticed in the figure that the figure of instances and rate of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are higher in male than in female of all age groups.APPROACHES AND STRATEGIESTobacco is the undivided largest preventable cause of malignant neoplastic disease in the universe today. It causes 80 % 90 % of all lung malignant neoplastic disease deceas es and about 30 % of all malignant neoplastic disease deceases in the development states. A comprehensive scheme including prohibitions on baccy merchandises, advertisement and sponsorship, increased revenue sweetener on baccy merchandises and surcease programmes can cut down baccy ingestion in many another(prenominal) states. In Addition, In order to understate the rate of incidence of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state it is besides of import that wellness professionals would protest the people in the community about the side consequence of smoking to the wellness and good beingness of single such as developing bay window ulcers, decreased circulation of blood flow to the appendages like the fingers and toes, the hazard of developing upper respiratory piece of land infections would be increased, and developing different sorts of malignant neoplastic diseases.Another important attack to command the incidence of increasing rate of malignant neoplastic disease more sp ecifically lung malignant neoplastic disease is the alteration of diet. Low fat high eccentric diet can assist cut down the hazard of developing certain sorts of malignant neoplastic disease. Regular exercising and care of normal organic structure weight along with a full-blooded diet will assist understate the mishap of malignant neoplastic disease. National policies and programmes should besides be implemented to raise consciousness and cut down exposure to malignant neoplastic disease hazard factors that people are provided with the information and back up them in order to follow a rubicund life style.INVESTIGATE CURRENT PRIORITIES AND APPROACHES TO THE PROVISION OF SERVICESSince smoke is one of the major causes of lung malignant neoplastic disease and it is evitable the National Health Services developed a programme called Go Smoke Free Programme, this programme helps persons who are tobacco users to actuate themselves to discontinue smoke by supplying one to one or group support. The Go Smoke Free Programme identifies the benefits of non smoking and helps people in bettering their wellness like cut downing the hazard of certain unwellness, disablement or disease caused by malignant neoplastic disease, bosom disease, and lung diseases ( hypertext transfer protocol //smokefree.nhs.uk/why-go-smokefree/quit-smoking-and-start-living/ ) .